EXW

  • The seller gives the buyer access to the products at his own premises (factory or warehouse) completed in accordance with the contract, but not cleared for export or loaded on a vehicle.
  • The buyer bears all risk and all costs associated with bringing the goods to their destination.EXW

FCA

  • This clause can be used for all types of transport.
  • The seller hands over the goods, cleared for export, in the custody of the first carrier (named by the buyer) at the specified location.FCA

FAS

  • This clause can only be used for seafreight, at sea or on canals.
  • The seller must hand over the goods, cleared for export, alongside the ship in the named port.
  • The buyer bears all risk and all costs after this time.FAS

FOB

  • Only used for seafreight.
  • The seller must load the goods on board the ship specified by the buyer.
  • Responsibility for the goods is transferred to the buyer the moment the goods are on board the ship.
  • The seller must export the goods.FOB

CFR

  • Only used for seafreight.
  • The seller must bear all costs and freight up to the specified unloading port.
  • The risk is transferred to the buyer at the moment the goods are loaded on board the ship.CFR

CIF

  • Only used for sea transport.
  • Similar to CFR, except that the seller is also responsible for insuring the goods for the buyer.
  • Insurance only covers the minimum requirements and should the buyer wish for additional cover, he must provide this himself, as the buyer assumes the risk when loading onto the ship.CIF

CPT

  • Corresponding to CFR, but adapted to other modes of transport than sea.
  • The seller pays for shipping to the specified destination, but the risk for the goods passes to the buyer at the moment the goods are delivered to the first carrier.
  • The buyer must take out insurance for the goods during transport.CPT

CIP

  • Corresponding to CIF, but adapted to other modes of transport than sea. 
  • The seller pays for shipping and insurance.
  • Insurance only covers the minimum requirements and should the buyer wish for additional cover, he must provide this himself.
  • The risk passes to the buyer at the same time as for CPT.CIP

DAP

  • Means that the seller delivers the shipment when the goods are made available to the buyer and when the transport arrives at the agreed place.
  • The seller bears all risk associated with transport up to the named destination.DAP

DAT

  • Means that the seller delivers the shipment when the goods, after unloading from the relevant means of transport, are made available to the buyer at an agreed terminal or address. 
  • The seller bears all risk associated with transport up to and unloading at the named destination.DAT

DDP

  • Means that the seller covers all transport costs and assumes all risk until the goods are delivered and in addition pays any customs duties (import and export).DDP